This module covers the basic concepts and principles underlying the physical separation of ideal binary liquid mixtures. It also covers the design of stage-wise and differential distillation and gas absorption processes for the separation of ideal binary mixtures. Equipment design for separation of particles in suspension from a liquid or a gas are introduced, looking at mechanical separations and related unit operations such as: sedimentation, centrifugation, filtration, membrane separations, fluidisation processes, and crystallization. The basic physical principles of fluid mechanics for fluid flow in pipes (with frictional losses) are also taught, together with design of piping systems (parallel or in series), as well as an introduction to single particle dynamics in fluids, the associated drag force and drag coefficients together with Stoke?s law, and the application of Stoke?s law in a cyclone particle separation.